Energy storage and conversion are regarded as a vital link between the stages of energy production and consumption. Traditional fossil fuels, due to their limited reserves and pollution issues, require better alternatives for storing and utilizing renewable energies. Fuel cells, as effective electrochemical converters, directly transform the chemical energy and oxidation stored in the fuel into electricity. This technology is gaining increasing attention due to the demand for clean energy and the limitations of fossil fuel resources. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, unlike conventional power machines that operate based on thermal cycles, offers higher efficiency. The high cost of commercialization has limited the applications of fuel cells. Researchers are focusing on discovering various materials and manufacturing methods to enhance performance and reduce fuel cell production costs. This article will analyze recent advances in fuel cell technologies, as well as common methods for forming metallic bipolar plates for use in polymer fuel cells.

Please click to continue the article.